ISO 12894-2001 热环境的人类工效学对暴露在极热或极冷环境的人的医疗监督

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【英文标准名称】:Ergonomicsofthethermalenvironment-Medicalsupervisionofindividualsexposedtoextremehotorcoldenvironments
【原文标准名称】:热环境的人类工效学对暴露在极热或极冷环境的人的医疗监督
【标准号】:ISO12894-2001
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2001-06
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC159
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:低温试验;人体;热学;医学科学;环境;职业医学;气候;温度致适;调查;热环境系统;试验报告;工作地点;定义;定义;人类工效学
【英文主题词】:Bodytemperature;Climate;Coldness;Collapses;Combustion;Coolingdown;Definitions;Environment;Environmentalcondition;Ergonomics;Exposure;Fitness;Forms;Frost;Frostdamages;Healthprotection;Heat;Heatloss;Heatstroke;Humanbody;Investigations;Laboratories;Medicalsciences;Occupationalmedicine;Personalhealth;Physiological;Physiologicaleffects(humanbody);Selection;Temperature;Testpersons;Thermal;Thermalcomfort;Thermalenvironment;Thermalenvironmentsystems;Thermalstorage;Thermalstress;Workingplaces
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardprovidesadvicetothoseconcernedwiththesafetyofhumanexposurestoextremehotorcoldthermalenvironments.Extremethermalenvironmentsarethosewhichresultinahighrateofheatgainorlossbythebody.Aprecisedefinitionofsuchenvironmentscannoteasilybegiven,asthechangeinbodyheatstoragedependsonclothingandactivityaswellastheparametersoftheclimaticenvironment.Asaguide,theboundariesofextremeenvironmentsmightbeconsideredtobeasfollows:forhotenvironments,awetbulbglobetemperatureof25℃;forcoldenvironmentsanairtemperatureof0℃orbelow.Extremeenvironmentscanonlybetoleratedforlimitedperiodsoftimebeforeariskofillhealthresults.Controlmeasuresarenecessarytoensurethesafetyofthosesoexposed,oneofwhichistheprovisionofappropriatemedicalsupervisionpriortoandduringexposures.ThisInternationalStandardisintendedtoassistthosewithresponsibilityforsuchexposurestoreachdecisionsabouttheappropriatelevelofmedicalsupervisionindifferentsituations.ThisInternationalStandardshouldbereadandusedinthecontextofotherrelevantguidanceandlegislation.Thisguidanceisapplicabletolaboratoryandoccupationalexposurestoextremeenvironments.Ineithercaseanassessmentshouldbemadeoftheexpectedthermalstressontheindividual,butthedetailedarrangementsformedicalsupervisionwilldiffer.Controlofoccupationalexposuresmustalsosatisfynationalhealthandsafetylegislation.ThelaboratoryorclimaticchamberstudiesforwhichthisInternationalStandardwillberelevantincludethoseinwhichpeoplemaybeexposedtohighorlowambientconditionsorlocalheatingorcooling.Studiesmay,forexample,investigatephysiologicalorpsychophysicalresponsestotheenvironmentorthebenefitofclothingorotherprotectiveequipment.Scientificinvestigationsanddemonstrationsforteachingpurposesareincludedinthescope.Insomecountries,suchstudiesaresubjecttospecificlegislationand,inallcases,experimentalexposuresshouldbeconductedinthecontextofacceptedethicalcriteriaasdetailedinrelevantnationalandinternationalstatements(seeinformativeannexAandthebibliography).Extremesofenvironmentmaybeonlyonecomponentofthetotalphysiologicalstressimposedinastudy.Insuchcases,appropriateadvicemustalsobeobtainedwithregardtoanymedicalsupervisionrequiredpriortoexposuretotheotherstressorsinvolved,forexamplewholebodyvibration.Insomecases,ergonomicinvestigationsareconductedinthefield,forexample,todocumentthephysiologicalstressofparticularoccupations.Iftheoverallstressofthetaskisincreasedasaresultoftheproposedstudy,thisInternationalStandardwillberelevant.ThisInternationalStandarddoesnotapplytotheuseofhypoorhyperthermiainthecourseofmedicalinvestigationortreatment.
【中国标准分类号】:A25
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_20;13_180
【页数】:30P;A4
【正文语种】:英语